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A 78xx regulator IC based power supply is used to provide regulated fixed positive DC voltage. 7805/ 7806/7809/7812 ICs are used to provide fixed 5/6/9/12 volts DC voltage respectively.
Similarly a 79xx IC based power supply is used to generate fixed negative DC voltage. and 7905/ 7906/7909/7912 ICs are used to provide fixed 5/6/9/12 volts negative DC voltage respectively.
Both 78xx and 79xx based power supply consists of four sections.
Transformer: Transformer is used to convert 220V AC power to low voltage ( 6V or 9V of 12V or 24V etc. ) AC power. To implement the circuit we have to consider current ratings of the Transformer along with Primary/Secondary Voltage of it. Few specifications of Transformers are:- 220V/6V- 500mA, 220V/6V-2A, 220V/12V-2A etc. We have to chose the current ratings of the transformer as per our requirements.
Transformers are also available as Center tap transformer, where only two diodes are used to rectify AC voltage.
Bridge Rectifier: Bridge rectifiers are use to convert AC voltage to pulsating DC voltage. Generally we use 4 diodes as bridge rectifiers to convert from AC to DC. For the case of center tap transformer we need only 2 diodes for the rectification. For low power rectification 1N7004 diode is used.
Filter: I convert pulsating DC in smooth DC voltage by reducing ripple. Generally Pi filters are the best filters. but as we use regulator IC we require only a Capacitor to filter the voltage.
Regulator: Here IC 7805 is used to provide fixed +5Volt DC voltage. It can provide fixed output voltage in spite change in its Input voltage within a limit.
The IC7805 Regulator: Features, Applications, and Benefits:
As an integral component in many electronic circuits, the IC7805 regulator plays a crucial role in ensuring stable and reliable power supply. In this article, we will delve into the features, applications, and benefits of this versatile voltage regulator.
Features of IC7805 Regulator: The IC7805 regulator is a type of linear voltage regulator that is designed to provide a regulated output voltage of 5 volts. Some of the key features of the IC7805 regulator include:
- Input Voltage Range: The IC7805 regulator has a wide input voltage range, typically from 7 volts to 35 volts, making it suitable for a variety of applications.
- Output Voltage Regulation: The IC7805 regulator provides a stable output voltage of 5 volts, with a low dropout voltage and minimal output voltage variation even under varying load conditions.
- Thermal Protection: The IC7805 regulator is equipped with built-in thermal protection, which helps prevent overheating and ensures safe operation even in high-temperature environments.
- Short-Circuit Protection: The IC7805 regulator also includes short-circuit protection, which safeguards the regulator and the connected devices from potential damage in case of a short circuit.
Applications of IC7805 Regulator: The IC7805 regulator finds widespread use in various electronic applications, including:
- Power Supply for Digital Circuits: The IC7805 regulator is commonly used to provide a stable and regulated 5-volt power supply to digital circuits such as microcontrollers, sensors, and other electronic components.
- Voltage Regulation in Automotive Electronics: The IC7805 regulator is utilized in automotive electronics to regulate the voltage supplied to various electronic systems, such as audio systems, lighting, and sensors, ensuring reliable and stable performance.
- Battery Charging: The IC7805 regulator is employed in battery charging circuits to regulate the charging voltage and protect the batteries from overcharging, enhancing their lifespan and performance.
- DIY Electronics Projects: The IC7805 regulator is a popular choice among hobbyists and DIY enthusiasts for various electronic projects, ranging from robotics to home automation systems, where a regulated 5-volt power supply is required.
Benefits of IC7805 Regulator: The IC7805 regulator offers several benefits, including:
- Stable and Reliable Power Supply: The IC7805 regulator provides a stable and regulated 5-volt output voltage, ensuring reliable and consistent performance of electronic devices and circuits.
- Easy to Use: The IC7805 regulator is easy to integrate into electronic circuits due to its simple design and wide availability in various package options.
- Protection Features: The built-in thermal protection and short-circuit protection of the IC7805 regulator help safeguard the connected devices and ensure safe operation.
- Versatility: The IC7805 regulator can be used in a wide range of applications, making it a versatile choice for many electronic projects and systems.
In conclusion, the IC7805 regulator is a reliable and versatile voltage regulator that is widely used in various electronic applications. Its features such as wide input voltage range, output voltage regulation, thermal and short-circuit protection, along with its applications in power supply for digital circuits, automotive electronics, battery charging, and DIY electronics projects make it an essential component in many electronic systems. With its stability, ease of use, and protection features, the IC7805 regulator offers numerous benefits to electronic engineers, hobbyists, and DIY enthusiasts alike.
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